![]() ![]() Invertebrates: As intelligent cephalopods like octopuses and squids become more important in science, some people are seeking to give them the same protections as lab mice and monkeys.Some experts propose an additional courtesy: repayment. ![]() Lab Animals: Standard ethical guidelines encourage minimizing the use of, and harm to, animals used in research.Moreover, archival paper is surprisingly durable. It can take the skins of as many as 130 calves to produce a 500-page book. It said that using animal skin to painstakingly record and preserve laws was hardly efficient, given, among other things, that it is more unwieldy and difficult to store than paper. The House of Lords - with 819 members, the world’s largest legislative assembly outside China - said the move would save about 80,000 pounds, or nearly $116,000, annually. ![]() The House of Lords, Britain’s unelected upper chamber of Parliament, is finally moving to replace the calfskin with high-quality archival paper, calling the move which will come into force in April a necessary - and thrifty - adaptation to the digital age. Now, the use of vellum, which has been a contentious issue for more than a decade, has fallen victim to austerity. This ancient tradition has survived wars, revolutions and the rise and fall of the British Empire. So was the Domesday Book compiled in 1086, 20 years after William the Conqueror sailed across the English Channel. Magna Carta, which King John signed 800 years ago last year, was written on vellum. LONDON - For centuries, acts of Parliament and other important documents have been inscribed on vellum, a parchment made from calfskin. ![]()
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